diff --git a/plugins/search-backend-node/src/test-utils/TestPipeline.ts b/plugins/search-backend-node/src/test-utils/TestPipeline.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2dbdeb85ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/search-backend-node/src/test-utils/TestPipeline.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Backstage Authors
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { IndexableDocument } from '@backstage/search-common';
+import { pipeline, Readable, Transform, Writable } from 'stream';
+
+/**
+ * Object resolved after a test pipeline is executed.
+ */
+export type TestPipelineResult = {
+  /**
+   * If an error was emitted by the pipeline, it will be set here.
+   */
+  error: unknown;
+
+  /**
+   * A list of documents collected at the end of the pipeline. If the subject
+   * under test is an indexer, this will be an empty array (because your
+   * indexer should have received the documents instead).
+   */
+  documents: IndexableDocument[];
+};
+
+/**
+ * Test utility for Backstage Search collators, decorators, and indexers.
+ */
+export class TestPipeline {
+  private collator?: Readable;
+  private decorator?: Transform;
+  private indexer?: Writable;
+
+  private constructor({
+    collator,
+    decorator,
+    indexer,
+  }: {
+    collator?: Readable;
+    decorator?: Transform;
+    indexer?: Writable;
+  }) {
+    this.collator = collator;
+    this.decorator = decorator;
+    this.indexer = indexer;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Provide the collator, decorator, or indexer to be tested.
+   */
+  static withSubject(subject: Readable | Transform | Writable) {
+    if (subject instanceof Transform) {
+      return new TestPipeline({ decorator: subject });
+    }
+
+    if (subject instanceof Readable) {
+      return new TestPipeline({ collator: subject });
+    }
+
+    if (subject instanceof Writable) {
+      return new TestPipeline({ indexer: subject });
+    }
+
+    throw new Error(
+      'Unknown test subject: are you passing a readable, writable, or transform stream?',
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Provide documents for testing decorators and indexers.
+   */
+  withDocuments(documents: IndexableDocument[]): TestPipeline {
+    if (this.collator) {
+      throw new Error('Cannot provide documents when testing a collator.');
+    }
+
+    // Set a naive readable stream that just pushes all given documents.
+    this.collator = new Readable({ objectMode: true });
+    this.collator._read = () => {};
+    process.nextTick(() => {
+      documents.forEach(document => {
+        this.collator!.push(document);
+      });
+      this.collator!.push(null);
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the test pipeline so that you can make assertions about the result
+   * or behavior of the given test subject.
+   */
+  async execute(): Promise<TestPipelineResult> {
+    const documents: IndexableDocument[] = [];
+    if (!this.collator) {
+      throw new Error(
+        'Cannot execute pipeline without a collator or documents',
+      );
+    }
+
+    // If we are here and there is no indexer, we are testing a collator or a
+    // decorator. Set up a naive writable that captures documents in memory.
+    if (!this.indexer) {
+      this.indexer = new Writable({ objectMode: true });
+      this.indexer._write = (document: IndexableDocument, _, done) => {
+        documents.push(document);
+        done();
+      };
+    }
+
+    return new Promise<TestPipelineResult>(done => {
+      const pipes: (Readable | Transform | Writable)[] = [this.collator!];
+      if (this.decorator) {
+        pipes.push(this.decorator);
+      }
+      pipes.push(this.indexer!);
+
+      pipeline(pipes, error => {
+        done({
+          error,
+          documents,
+        });
+      });
+    });
+  }
+}
diff --git a/plugins/search-backend-node/src/test-utils/index.ts b/plugins/search-backend-node/src/test-utils/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..185d25433b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/search-backend-node/src/test-utils/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Backstage Authors
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+export { TestPipeline } from './TestPipeline';
+export type { TestPipelineResult } from './TestPipeline';