diff --git a/.changeset/afraid-trainers-know.md b/.changeset/afraid-trainers-know.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5df3d3eced
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/afraid-trainers-know.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@backstage/plugin-auth-backend': patch
+---
+
+Fix a bug preventing an access token to be refreshed a second time with the GitLab provider.
diff --git a/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.test.ts b/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.test.ts
index f8795aec34..d1a84b43e8 100644
--- a/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.test.ts
+++ b/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.test.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 import { GitlabAuthProvider, gitlabDefaultSignInResolver } from './provider';
 import * as helpers from '../../lib/passport/PassportStrategyHelper';
+import { PassportProfile } from '../../lib/passport/types';
 import { OAuthResult } from '../../lib/oauth';
 import { getVoidLogger } from '@backstage/backend-common';
 import { TokenIssuer } from '../../identity';
@@ -27,6 +28,33 @@ const mockFrameHandler = jest.spyOn(
 ) as unknown as jest.MockedFunction<() => Promise<{ result: OAuthResult }>>;
 
 describe('GitlabAuthProvider', () => {
+  const tokenIssuer = {
+    issueToken: jest.fn(),
+    listPublicKeys: jest.fn(),
+  };
+  const catalogIdentityClient = {
+    findUser: jest.fn(),
+  };
+
+  const provider = new GitlabAuthProvider({
+    clientId: 'mock',
+    clientSecret: 'mock',
+    callbackUrl: 'mock',
+    baseUrl: 'mock',
+    catalogIdentityClient:
+      catalogIdentityClient as unknown as CatalogIdentityClient,
+    tokenIssuer: tokenIssuer as unknown as TokenIssuer,
+    authHandler: async ({ fullProfile }) => ({
+      profile: {
+        email: fullProfile.emails![0]!.value,
+        displayName: fullProfile.displayName,
+        picture: 'http://gitlab.com/lols',
+      },
+    }),
+    signInResolver: gitlabDefaultSignInResolver,
+    logger: getVoidLogger(),
+  });
+
   it('should transform to type OAuthResponse', async () => {
     const tests = [
       {
@@ -117,36 +145,62 @@ describe('GitlabAuthProvider', () => {
       },
     ];
 
-    const tokenIssuer = {
-      issueToken: jest.fn(),
-      listPublicKeys: jest.fn(),
-    };
-    const catalogIdentityClient = {
-      findUser: jest.fn(),
-    };
-
-    const provider = new GitlabAuthProvider({
-      clientId: 'mock',
-      clientSecret: 'mock',
-      callbackUrl: 'mock',
-      baseUrl: 'mock',
-      catalogIdentityClient:
-        catalogIdentityClient as unknown as CatalogIdentityClient,
-      tokenIssuer: tokenIssuer as unknown as TokenIssuer,
-      authHandler: async ({ fullProfile }) => ({
-        profile: {
-          email: fullProfile.emails![0]!.value,
-          displayName: fullProfile.displayName,
-          picture: 'http://gitlab.com/lols',
-        },
-      }),
-      signInResolver: gitlabDefaultSignInResolver,
-      logger: getVoidLogger(),
-    });
     for (const test of tests) {
       mockFrameHandler.mockResolvedValueOnce(test.input);
       const { response } = await provider.handler({} as any);
       expect(response).toEqual(test.expect);
     }
   });
+
+  it('should forward a new refresh token on refresh', async () => {
+    const mockRefreshToken = jest.spyOn(
+      helpers,
+      'executeRefreshTokenStrategy',
+    ) as unknown as jest.MockedFunction<() => Promise<{}>>;
+
+    mockRefreshToken.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      accessToken: 'a.b.c',
+      refreshToken: 'dont-forget-to-send-refresh',
+      params: {
+        id_token: 'my-id',
+        scope: 'read_user',
+      },
+    });
+
+    const mockUserProfile = jest.spyOn(
+      helpers,
+      'executeFetchUserProfileStrategy',
+    ) as unknown as jest.MockedFunction<() => Promise<PassportProfile>>;
+
+    mockUserProfile.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      id: 'uid-my-id',
+      username: 'mockuser',
+      provider: 'gitlab',
+      displayName: 'Mocked User',
+      emails: [
+        {
+          value: 'mockuser@gmail.com',
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+
+    const response = await provider.refresh({} as any);
+
+    expect(response).toEqual({
+      backstageIdentity: {
+        id: 'mockuser',
+      },
+      profile: {
+        displayName: 'Mocked User',
+        email: 'mockuser@gmail.com',
+        picture: 'http://gitlab.com/lols',
+      },
+      providerInfo: {
+        accessToken: 'a.b.c',
+        idToken: 'my-id',
+        refreshToken: 'dont-forget-to-send-refresh',
+        scope: 'read_user',
+      },
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.ts b/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.ts
index 419f00a346..6ca405d15f 100644
--- a/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.ts
+++ b/plugins/auth-backend/src/providers/gitlab/provider.ts
@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ export class GitlabAuthProvider implements OAuthHandlers {
       providerInfo: {
         idToken: result.params.id_token,
         accessToken: result.accessToken,
+        refreshToken: result.refreshToken, // GitLab expires the old refresh token when used
         scope: result.params.scope,
         expiresInSeconds: result.params.expires_in,
       },