diff --git a/packages/cli/src/commands/pack.ts b/packages/cli/src/commands/pack.ts
index 6c88ac055f..9c101e97fe 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/commands/pack.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/commands/pack.ts
@@ -14,77 +14,16 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import fs from 'fs-extra';
+import {
+  productionPack,
+  revertProductionPack,
+} from '../lib/packager/productionPack';
 import { paths } from '../lib/paths';
-import { join as joinPath } from 'path';
-
-const SKIPPED_KEYS = ['access', 'registry', 'tag', 'alphaTypes', 'betaTypes'];
-
-const PKG_PATH = 'package.json';
-const PKG_BACKUP_PATH = 'package.json-prepack';
-
-function resolveEntrypoint(pkg: any, name: string) {
-  const targetEntry = pkg.publishConfig[name] || pkg[name];
-  return targetEntry && joinPath('..', targetEntry);
-}
-
-// Writes e.g. alpha/package.json
-async function writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg: any, stage: 'alpha' | 'beta') {
-  await fs.ensureDir(paths.resolveTarget(stage));
-  await fs.writeJson(
-    paths.resolveTarget(stage, PKG_PATH),
-    {
-      name: pkg.name,
-      version: pkg.version,
-      main: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'main'),
-      module: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'module'),
-      browser: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'browser'),
-      types: joinPath('..', pkg.publishConfig[`${stage}Types`]),
-    },
-    { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 },
-  );
-}
 
 export const pre = async () => {
-  const pkgPath = paths.resolveTarget(PKG_PATH);
-
-  const pkgContent = await fs.readFile(pkgPath, 'utf8');
-  const pkg = JSON.parse(pkgContent);
-  await fs.writeFile(PKG_BACKUP_PATH, pkgContent);
-
-  const publishConfig = pkg.publishConfig ?? {};
-  for (const key of Object.keys(publishConfig)) {
-    if (!SKIPPED_KEYS.includes(key)) {
-      pkg[key] = publishConfig[key];
-    }
-  }
-  await fs.writeJson(pkgPath, pkg, { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 });
-
-  if (publishConfig.alphaTypes) {
-    await writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg, 'alpha');
-  }
-  if (publishConfig.betaTypes) {
-    await writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg, 'beta');
-  }
+  await productionPack({ packageDir: paths.targetDir });
 };
 
 export const post = async () => {
-  // postpack isn't called by yarn right now, so it needs to be called manually
-  try {
-    await fs.move(PKG_BACKUP_PATH, PKG_PATH, { overwrite: true });
-
-    // Check if we're shipping types for other release stages, clean up in that case
-    const pkg = await fs.readJson(PKG_PATH);
-    if (pkg.publishConfig?.alphaTypes) {
-      await fs.remove(paths.resolveTarget('alpha'));
-    }
-    if (pkg.publishConfig?.betaTypes) {
-      await fs.remove(paths.resolveTarget('beta'));
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.warn(
-      `Failed to restore package.json during postpack, ${error}. ` +
-        'Your package will be fine but you may have ended up with some garbage in the repo.',
-    );
-  }
+  await revertProductionPack(paths.targetDir);
 };
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/lib/monorepo/PackageGraph.ts b/packages/cli/src/lib/monorepo/PackageGraph.ts
index 421d9aa25b..b6d6d927a6 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/lib/monorepo/PackageGraph.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/lib/monorepo/PackageGraph.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ type PackageJSON = Package['packageJson'];
 export interface ExtendedPackageJSON extends PackageJSON {
   main?: string;
   module?: string;
+  types?: string;
 
   scripts?: {
     [key: string]: string;
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/copyPackageDist.ts b/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/copyPackageDist.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index b704148542..0000000000
--- a/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/copyPackageDist.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2022 The Backstage Authors
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import fs from 'fs-extra';
-import npmPackList from 'npm-packlist';
-import { join as joinPath, resolve as resolvePath } from 'path';
-
-const SKIPPED_KEYS = ['access', 'registry', 'tag', 'alphaTypes', 'betaTypes'];
-
-function resolveEntrypoint(pkg: any, name: string) {
-  const targetEntry = pkg.publishConfig[name] || pkg[name];
-  return targetEntry && joinPath('..', targetEntry);
-}
-
-// Writes e.g. alpha/package.json
-async function writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(
-  pkg: any,
-  stage: 'alpha' | 'beta',
-  targetDir: string,
-) {
-  await fs.ensureDir(resolvePath(targetDir, stage));
-  await fs.writeJson(
-    resolvePath(targetDir, stage, 'package.json'),
-    {
-      name: pkg.name,
-      version: pkg.version,
-      main: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'main'),
-      module: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'module'),
-      browser: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'browser'),
-      types: joinPath('..', pkg.publishConfig[`${stage}Types`]),
-    },
-    { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 },
-  );
-}
-
-export async function copyPackageDist(packageDir: string, targetDir: string) {
-  const pkgPath = resolvePath(packageDir, 'package.json');
-  const pkgContent = await fs.readFile(pkgPath, 'utf8');
-  const pkg = JSON.parse(pkgContent);
-
-  const publishConfig = pkg.publishConfig ?? {};
-  for (const key of Object.keys(publishConfig)) {
-    if (!SKIPPED_KEYS.includes(key)) {
-      pkg[key] = publishConfig[key];
-    }
-  }
-
-  // We remove the dependencies from package.json of packages that are marked
-  // as bundled, so that yarn doesn't try to install them.
-  if (pkg.bundled) {
-    delete pkg.dependencies;
-    delete pkg.devDependencies;
-    delete pkg.peerDependencies;
-    delete pkg.optionalDependencies;
-  }
-
-  // Lists all dist files, respecting .npmignore, files field in package.json, etc.
-  const filePaths = await npmPackList({
-    path: packageDir,
-    // This makes sure we use the update package.json when listing files
-    packageJsonCache: new Map([[resolvePath(packageDir, 'package.json'), pkg]]),
-  });
-
-  await fs.ensureDir(targetDir);
-  for (const filePath of filePaths.sort()) {
-    const target = resolvePath(targetDir, filePath);
-    if (filePath === 'package.json') {
-      await fs.writeJson(target, pkg, { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 });
-    } else {
-      await fs.copy(resolvePath(packageDir, filePath), target);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (publishConfig.alphaTypes) {
-    await writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg, 'alpha', targetDir);
-  }
-  if (publishConfig.betaTypes) {
-    await writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg, 'beta', targetDir);
-  }
-}
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/createDistWorkspace.ts b/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/createDistWorkspace.ts
index 28b5526fc9..2d2967fc44 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/createDistWorkspace.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/createDistWorkspace.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import {
   getOutputsForRole,
   Output,
 } from '../builder';
-import { copyPackageDist } from './copyPackageDist';
+import { productionPack } from './productionPack';
 import { getRoleInfo } from '../role';
 import { runParallelWorkers } from '../parallel';
 
@@ -258,7 +258,10 @@ async function moveToDistWorkspace(
 
       const outputDir = relativePath(paths.targetRoot, target.dir);
       const absoluteOutputPath = resolvePath(workspaceDir, outputDir);
-      await copyPackageDist(target.dir, absoluteOutputPath);
+      await productionPack({
+        packageDir: target.dir,
+        targetDir: absoluteOutputPath,
+      });
     }),
   );
 
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/productionPack.ts b/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/productionPack.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c58cdab5a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cli/src/lib/packager/productionPack.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Backstage Authors
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import fs from 'fs-extra';
+import npmPackList from 'npm-packlist';
+import { join as joinPath, resolve as resolvePath } from 'path';
+import { ExtendedPackageJSON } from '../monorepo';
+import { readEntryPoints } from '../monorepo/entryPoints';
+
+const PKG_PATH = 'package.json';
+const PKG_BACKUP_PATH = 'package.json-prepack';
+
+const SKIPPED_KEYS = ['access', 'registry', 'tag', 'alphaTypes', 'betaTypes'];
+
+interface ProductionPackOptions {
+  packageDir: string;
+  targetDir?: string;
+}
+
+export async function productionPack(options: ProductionPackOptions) {
+  const { packageDir, targetDir } = options;
+  const pkgPath = resolvePath(packageDir, PKG_PATH);
+  const pkgContent = await fs.readFile(pkgPath, 'utf8');
+  const pkg = JSON.parse(pkgContent) as ExtendedPackageJSON;
+
+  // If we're making the update in-line, back up the package.json
+  if (!targetDir) {
+    await fs.writeFile(PKG_BACKUP_PATH, pkgContent);
+  }
+
+  const hasStageEntry =
+    !!pkg.publishConfig?.alphaTypes || !!pkg.publishConfig?.betaTypes;
+  if (pkg.exports && hasStageEntry) {
+    throw new Error(
+      'Combining both exports and alpha/beta types is not supported',
+    );
+  }
+
+  // This mutates pkg to fill in index exports, so call it before applying publishConfig
+  if (pkg.exports) {
+    await writeExportsEntryPoints(pkg, targetDir ?? packageDir);
+  }
+
+  // TODO(Rugvip): Once exports are rolled out more broadly we should deprecate and remove this behavior
+  const publishConfig = pkg.publishConfig ?? {};
+  for (const key of Object.keys(publishConfig)) {
+    if (!SKIPPED_KEYS.includes(key)) {
+      (pkg as any)[key] = publishConfig[key as keyof typeof publishConfig];
+    }
+  }
+
+  // We remove the dependencies from package.json of packages that are marked
+  // as bundled, so that yarn doesn't try to install them.
+  if (pkg.bundled) {
+    delete pkg.dependencies;
+    delete pkg.devDependencies;
+    delete pkg.peerDependencies;
+    delete pkg.optionalDependencies;
+  }
+
+  if (targetDir) {
+    // Lists all dist files, respecting .npmignore, files field in package.json, etc.
+    const filePaths = await npmPackList({
+      path: packageDir,
+      // This makes sure we use the updated package.json when listing files
+      packageJsonCache: new Map([
+        [resolvePath(packageDir, PKG_PATH), pkg],
+      ]) as any, // Seems like this parameter type is wrong,
+    });
+
+    await fs.ensureDir(targetDir);
+    for (const filePath of filePaths.sort()) {
+      const target = resolvePath(targetDir, filePath);
+      if (filePath === PKG_PATH) {
+        await fs.writeJson(target, pkg, { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 });
+      } else {
+        await fs.copy(resolvePath(packageDir, filePath), target);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    await fs.writeJson(pkgPath, pkg, { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 });
+  }
+
+  if (publishConfig.alphaTypes) {
+    await writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg, 'alpha', targetDir ?? packageDir);
+  }
+  if (publishConfig.betaTypes) {
+    await writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(pkg, 'beta', targetDir ?? packageDir);
+  }
+}
+
+// Reverts the changes made by productionPack when called without a targetDir.
+export async function revertProductionPack(packageDir: string) {
+  // postpack isn't called by yarn right now, so it needs to be called manually
+  try {
+    await fs.move(PKG_BACKUP_PATH, PKG_PATH, { overwrite: true });
+
+    // Check if we're shipping types for other release stages, clean up in that case
+    const pkg = await fs.readJson(PKG_PATH);
+    if (pkg.publishConfig?.alphaTypes) {
+      await fs.remove(resolvePath(packageDir, 'alpha'));
+    }
+    if (pkg.publishConfig?.betaTypes) {
+      await fs.remove(resolvePath(packageDir, 'beta'));
+    }
+
+    // Remove any extra entrypoint backwards compatibility directories
+    const entryPoints = readEntryPoints(pkg);
+    for (const entryPoint of entryPoints) {
+      if (entryPoint.mount !== '.') {
+        await fs.remove(resolvePath(packageDir, entryPoint.name));
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      `Failed to restore package.json, ${error}. ` +
+        'Your package will be fine but you may have ended up with some garbage in the repo.',
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+function resolveEntrypoint(pkg: any, name: string) {
+  const targetEntry = pkg.publishConfig[name] || pkg[name];
+  return targetEntry && joinPath('..', targetEntry);
+}
+
+// Writes e.g. alpha/package.json
+async function writeReleaseStageEntrypoint(
+  pkg: ExtendedPackageJSON,
+  stage: 'alpha' | 'beta',
+  targetDir: string,
+) {
+  await fs.ensureDir(resolvePath(targetDir, stage));
+  await fs.writeJson(
+    resolvePath(targetDir, stage, PKG_PATH),
+    {
+      name: pkg.name,
+      version: pkg.version,
+      main: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'main'),
+      module: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'module'),
+      browser: resolveEntrypoint(pkg, 'browser'),
+      types: joinPath('..', pkg.publishConfig![`${stage}Types`]!),
+    },
+    { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 },
+  );
+}
+
+const EXPORT_MAP = {
+  import: '.esm.js',
+  require: '.cjs.js',
+  types: '.d.ts',
+};
+
+/**
+ * Rewrites the exports field in package.json to point to dist files, as
+ * well as creating backwards compatibility entry points for importers
+ * that don't support exports.
+ */
+async function writeExportsEntryPoints(
+  pkg: ExtendedPackageJSON,
+  targetDir: string,
+) {
+  const distFiles = await fs.readdir(resolvePath(targetDir, 'dist'));
+  const outputExports = {} as Record<string, Record<string, string>>;
+
+  const entryPoints = readEntryPoints(pkg);
+  for (const entryPoint of entryPoints) {
+    const exp = {} as Record<string, string>;
+    for (const [key, ext] of Object.entries(EXPORT_MAP)) {
+      const name = `${entryPoint.name}${ext}`;
+      if (distFiles.includes(name)) {
+        exp[key] = `./${joinPath(`dist`, name)}`;
+      }
+    }
+    exp.default = exp.require ?? exp.import;
+
+    // This creates a directory with a lone package.json for backwards compatibility
+    if (entryPoint.mount === '.') {
+      if (exp.default) {
+        pkg.main = exp.default;
+      }
+      if (exp.import) {
+        pkg.module = exp.import;
+      }
+      if (exp.types) {
+        pkg.types = exp.types;
+      }
+    } else {
+      const entryPointDir = resolvePath(targetDir, entryPoint.name);
+      await fs.ensureDir(entryPointDir);
+      await fs.writeJson(
+        resolvePath(entryPointDir, PKG_PATH),
+        {
+          name: pkg.name,
+          version: pkg.version,
+          ...(exp.default ? { main: joinPath('..', exp.default) } : {}),
+          ...(exp.import ? { module: joinPath('..', exp.import) } : {}),
+          ...(exp.types ? { types: joinPath('..', exp.types) } : {}),
+        },
+        { encoding: 'utf8', spaces: 2 },
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (Object.keys(exp).length > 0) {
+      outputExports[entryPoint.mount] = exp;
+    }
+  }
+
+  pkg.exports = outputExports;
+}