diff --git a/.changeset/rare-feet-melt.md b/.changeset/rare-feet-melt.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b28b09a29d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/rare-feet-melt.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@backstage/plugin-user-settings-backend': patch
+---
+
+Replaced usage of the deprecated identity service with the new HTTP auth service for the new backend system.
diff --git a/plugins/user-settings-backend/api-report.md b/plugins/user-settings-backend/api-report.md
index f8bf571fa7..06dad6a82a 100644
--- a/plugins/user-settings-backend/api-report.md
+++ b/plugins/user-settings-backend/api-report.md
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 > Do not edit this file. It is a report generated by [API Extractor](https://api-extractor.com/).
 
 ```ts
+import { DatabaseService } from '@backstage/backend-plugin-api';
 import express from 'express';
 import { IdentityApi } from '@backstage/plugin-auth-node';
-import { PluginDatabaseManager } from '@backstage/backend-common';
 import { SignalsService } from '@backstage/plugin-signals-node';
 
 // @public
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export function createRouter(options: RouterOptions): Promise<express.Router>;
 // @public (undocumented)
 export interface RouterOptions {
   // (undocumented)
-  database: PluginDatabaseManager;
+  database: DatabaseService;
   // (undocumented)
   identity: IdentityApi;
   // (undocumented)
diff --git a/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/alpha.ts b/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/alpha.ts
index 86180c8699..ea24389e46 100644
--- a/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/alpha.ts
+++ b/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/alpha.ts
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ import {
   coreServices,
   createBackendPlugin,
 } from '@backstage/backend-plugin-api';
-import { createRouter } from './service/router';
+import { createRouterInternal } from './service/router';
 import { signalsServiceRef } from '@backstage/plugin-signals-node';
+import { DatabaseUserSettingsStore } from './database/DatabaseUserSettingsStore';
 
 /**
  * The user settings backend plugin.
@@ -32,12 +33,17 @@ export default createBackendPlugin({
     env.registerInit({
       deps: {
         database: coreServices.database,
-        identity: coreServices.identity,
+        httpAuth: coreServices.httpAuth,
         httpRouter: coreServices.httpRouter,
         signals: signalsServiceRef,
       },
-      async init({ database, identity, httpRouter, signals }) {
-        httpRouter.use(await createRouter({ database, identity, signals }));
+      async init({ database, httpAuth, httpRouter, signals }) {
+        const userSettingsStore = await DatabaseUserSettingsStore.create({
+          database,
+        });
+        httpRouter.use(
+          await createRouterInternal({ userSettingsStore, httpAuth, signals }),
+        );
       },
     });
   },
diff --git a/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/service/router.ts b/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/service/router.ts
index b38e536354..3efb7da0f9 100644
--- a/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/service/router.ts
+++ b/plugins/user-settings-backend/src/service/router.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import { errorHandler, PluginDatabaseManager } from '@backstage/backend-common';
+import { errorHandler } from '@backstage/backend-common';
 import { AuthenticationError, InputError } from '@backstage/errors';
 import { IdentityApi } from '@backstage/plugin-auth-node';
 import express, { Request } from 'express';
@@ -23,12 +23,16 @@ import { DatabaseUserSettingsStore } from '../database/DatabaseUserSettingsStore
 import { UserSettingsStore } from '../database/UserSettingsStore';
 import { SignalsService } from '@backstage/plugin-signals-node';
 import { UserSettingsSignal } from '@backstage/plugin-user-settings-common';
+import {
+  DatabaseService,
+  HttpAuthService,
+} from '@backstage/backend-plugin-api';
 
 /**
  * @public
  */
 export interface RouterOptions {
-  database: PluginDatabaseManager;
+  database: DatabaseService;
   identity: IdentityApi;
   signals?: SignalsService;
 }
@@ -52,11 +56,19 @@ export async function createRouter(
   });
 }
 
-export async function createRouterInternal(options: {
-  identity: IdentityApi;
-  userSettingsStore: UserSettingsStore;
-  signals?: SignalsService;
-}): Promise<express.Router> {
+export async function createRouterInternal(
+  options:
+    | {
+        identity: IdentityApi;
+        userSettingsStore: UserSettingsStore;
+        signals?: SignalsService;
+      }
+    | {
+        httpAuth: HttpAuthService;
+        userSettingsStore: UserSettingsStore;
+        signals?: SignalsService;
+      },
+): Promise<express.Router> {
   const router = Router();
   router.use(express.json());
 
@@ -64,6 +76,13 @@ export async function createRouterInternal(options: {
    * Helper method to extract the userEntityRef from the request.
    */
   const getUserEntityRef = async (req: Request): Promise<string> => {
+    if ('httpAuth' in options) {
+      const credentials = await options.httpAuth.credentials(req, {
+        allow: ['user'],
+      });
+      return credentials.principal.userEntityRef;
+    }
+
     // throws an AuthenticationError in case the token exists but is invalid
     const identity = await options.identity.getIdentity({ request: req });
     if (!identity) {